Proteins are at the center of course content for Biochemistry, and thus it is critical for students to be familiar with amino acids and their structures. We aim to determine if the use of a kinesthetic learning tool will increase short- and long-term undergraduate student knowledge retention of amino acids and their structures. The treatment group received a set of 3D printed amino acids to study and was assigned an amino acid to create using 3D modeling software. Quantitative assessment data...

CONCLUSIONS: NALIRIFOX improved mPDAC survival versus Gem + NabP irrespective of patient age, with no signals for reduced tolerability in the older (versus younger) patients. The results provide reassurance that triplet therapy with NALIRIFOX is an efficacious and tolerable regimen in older treatment-naive patients with mPDAC who were fit enough for inclusion in NAPOLI 3, supporting consideration of its use as 1L therapy in this population.

CONCLUSIONS: Endocrine surgery patients exhibit limited numeracy skills, whereas self-reported health literacy is high. Prior exposure to cytopathology reports was not associated with comprehension, but numeracy was. Patients preferred more personalized reports with visual enhancements, highlighting opportunities to improve cytopathology report design and patient understanding.

CONCLUSIONS: Although spinal ultrasound has an acceptable specificity in predicting surgery, it remains a poor screening test (36% sensitivity). Given that approximately 37% of spinal ultrasounds were inappropriately ordered in this study period, the authors estimate that if physicians followed the Choosing Wisely Guidelines more closely, it would result in an estimated potential cost savings of CAD$1,856,769 over a decade for Canada with minimal surgical impact and a very low risk of missing...

The accumulation of micro- and nanoplastics (MPs/NPs) in croplands threatens food quality and human health. This study investigates the effectiveness of pristine biochar (BC) and iron-doped biochar (Fe-BC), produced from pine sawdust via one-step pyrolysis, in reducing NPs uptake by lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. var. adela). Fe-BC exhibited greater porosity, higher surface area, and a slightly positive surface charge compared to BC. Using Pd-doped NPs, we confirmed that NPs can penetrate roots and...