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The COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated the risk of opioid-related harm, and previous studies suggest a connection between opioid overdose risk and industry of employment. We used descriptive and spatial-statistical tests with opioid overdose data from the vital records offices of Kentucky and Massachusetts to examine opioid overdose rates by employment industry before and after COVID-19 emergency declarations. Both states had consistently high rates of opioid-related overdose mortality for...

CONCLUSIONS: Key principles for early intervention and remediation include early skill assessment, data-driven feedback, collaborative processes, diverse resources, clear documentation, and faculty training for providing actionable feedback. While our Delphi study provided in-depth insights into various programs' practices, it may not capture unique practices across all programs. Future research on early intervention and remediation should explore current practices, aiming for specific,...

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CONCLUSION: Based on cell response to the positive control, in the conditions employed in the current study, eBMSCs may be preferred over eUCMSCs for chondrogenesis. The current study supports the use of spheroid culture, and the use of dexamethasone over TGF-β or any of the compounds or peptides tested here from the prior literature to drive chondrogenesis with eBMSCs.