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Studies that quantify the contribution of genetic improvement to crop yields typically rely on comparisons of old cultivars grown side-by-side with more recent ones. This approach, however, does not allow to distinguish gains in yield potential versus maintenance breeding that aims to keep cultivars adapted to the evolving biophysical environment, including pests, diseases, and climate. Here we show an overall wheat yield improvement of 73 kg ha^(-1) y^(-1) based on direct comparison of modern...

CONCLUSIONS: We conclude there was no added benefit of combining TC with the running protocol used in this study. TC had a pronounced osteogenic effect in both age groups and metabolomic profiling revealed new potential mechanisms by which its bone effects are mediated.

CONCLUSION: Biventricular repair in symptomatic neonates with Ebstein anomaly is feasible and associated with excellent long-term outcomes. Re-repair or replacement of the tricuspid valve can be anticipated over a follow-up period of 15-30 years.