Anaerobic gut fungi (AGF, Neocallimastigomycota) represent a phylum of zoospore-producing fungi inhabiting the gastrointestinal tracts of herbivores. Twenty mammalian-affiliated genera (M-AGF) and two tortoise-affiliated genera (T-AGF) have been described so far. Here, we report on three additional novel T-AGF isolates obtained from Texas tortoises (Gopherus berlandieri; GX isolates) and African spurred or sulcata tortoises (Centrochelys sulcata; SR and TM isolates). Phylogenetic analysis using...

Given the increases in psychedelic use, we examined correlates of psychedelic use and use motives among US young adults. In 2025, adults ages 18-34 (n = 3,227; M(age) = 26.38, ~50% past-month cannabis use by design) completed an online survey. Multivariable regression assessed sociodemographics, mental health, and adverse childhood events (ACEs) in relation to: (1) past-year psychedelic use; and (2) among those reporting lifetime use: (a) lifetime microdosing and (b) use motives. Lifetime and...

Although Ethiopia has established an early childhood development (ECD) policy framework and implemented various nutrition and health interventions, substantial risks for poor ECD outcomes persist. This study aimed to determine the association between responsive feeding (RF) practices and problem-solving skills of children aged 6-23 months. A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from March to June 2024 among 401 randomly selected mother-child dyads in Hawassa Zuria woreda/district...

Extracorporeal life support provides temporary cardiorespiratory support for patients with severe, potentially reversible cardiac and/or respiratory failure refractory to conventional measures. Its application has broadened across a wide spectrum of critical illness, yet the mechanistic basis of its physiological benefit remains incompletely defined.This review explores the mechanisms through which extracorporeal life support may confer benefit in respiratory and cardiac failure. These include...

Pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) functions as both a glycolytic enzyme and a transcriptional co-activator that coordinates metabolism and cell survival. Here, we define the developmental timing, cellular distribution, and physiological role of PKM isoforms in the mouse retina. PKM2 expression begins at postnatal day 2, preceding PKM1, and is highly enriched in photoreceptors, whereas PKM1 predominates in retinal ganglion cells. Conditional deletion of PKM2 in the retina, rods, or retinal pigment...