Background: Vitamin D (25(OH)D) deficiency affects over one billion people globally and is associated with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and cardiometabolic diseases. However, causal relationships remain unclear, as vitamin D supplementation has shown limited benefit in reducing the risk of T2D. Genetic studies have identified variants that influence circulating 25(OH)D levels, but whether genetically determined vitamin D status predicts cardiometabolic outcomes remains uncertain. Methods and Results:...

Background: Stroke significantly increases morbidity and mortality in patients receiving extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). This study evaluates the prognostic impact of stroke subtypes, acute ischemic stroke (AIS) and hemorrhagic stroke (HS), and neurologic injury severity in a contemporary adult population. Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study using the TriNetX federated electronic health record network, including adult patients who underwent ECMO between 1 October 2015...

Accurate, non-invasive body weight estimation is essential for management and performance monitoring in beef cattle systems, yet conventional scales and manual measurements require animal handling, infrastructure, and labor. This study presents an integrated pipeline that segments cattle from overhead depth images and predicts body weight from extracted image features. The approach uses a Light Attention Encoder-Decoder (LAED) segmentation model combining depthwise separable convolutions,...

Dietary zeaxanthin exhibits low intestinal absorption efficiency, and circulating levels are reduced in individuals with type 2 diabetes, suggesting potential metabolic relevance. However, its role during early-stage diabetes remains incompletely understood. This study examined whether dietary zeaxanthin modulates early metabolic and inflammatory responses and influences host-microbiome interactions during early T2DM progression. Four-week-old male db/db mice and wild-type C57BL/6J mice were fed...

Background: Vitamin D deficiency (VDD) may be associated with chronic health issues, including markers of liver disease; however, evidence in American Indian adolescents is limited. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the relationship between VDD in American Indian adolescents and markers of liver disease, including both serum and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) markers. Methods: The Strong Heart Family Study (SHFS) is a multicenter, family-based, prospective cohort study among American Indians. We...