Problematic sexual behavior (PSB) among preteen children is increasingly being recognized as a public health problem, in part because of short- and long-term consequences experienced by the children with PSB and by others impacted by their behavior. Unfortunately, the lack of assessment measures grounded in contemporary research hinders progress in the field. The Assessment of Sexual Behavior-Child version is a 38-item caregiver-report instrument that was developed to remedy this problem. It was...

Despite the ecological importance of avian scavengers such as vultures, demographic information that is essential to their conservation and management remains limited. The goal of this study was to evaluate survival and mortality risk in black vultures (Coragyps atratus), a protected native species of conflict management concern in the United States. Here, we combined monitoring data from a 28-year period to estimate annual survival rates among age classes and test for seasonal and age-related...

Lymphatic malformations and branchial cleft anomalies are rare congenital lesions that can present similarly as cystic neck masses, often in childhood, but occasionally in adults. Differentiating between the two can be challenging, especially when clinical, radiographic, and cytologic findings overlap. We present the case of a 41-year-old male with hemophilia B and a right lateral cystic neck mass, underscoring preoperative diagnostic ambiguity and illustrating perioperative coordination...

Leaf age structure strongly regulates canopy photosynthesis in Amazon rainforests yet its large-scale patterns and dynamics remain poorly understood. Here we map the fraction of leaf area of photosynthetically efficient young leaves (f(young)) using remote sensing data and assess its spatiotemporal variability from 2001 to 2023. We find that f(young) varies markedly with elevation and canopy height: tall or mountain forests (canopy ≥32 m or elevation ≥300 m) exhibit higher f(young) than short or...

Civilian gunshot wounds to the head (GSWH) carry high mortality yet lack standardized, imaging-based triage tools. Because initial noncontrast head computerized tomography (HCT) is universally obtained but not leveraged with validated, rapid, and reproducible methods, we developed and evaluated an interpretable, attention-based multiple-instance learning (MIL) model to predict in-hospital mortality from the initial HCT. In a retrospective cohort at a single level I trauma center (May 1,...