Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) strains of differing virulence are associated with distinct clinical and lymphoid outcomes, but transcriptional responses within peripheral lymphocyte compartments remain incompletely defined. Here, we performed RNA-seq on CD4/CD8β/TcR1 bead-enriched peripheral lymphocyte fractions from calves experimentally infected with low-virulence or high-virulence noncytopathic BVDV strains (BVDV2-RS886 and BVDV2-1373, respectively) and sampled at days 0, 3, and 15 days...

CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: Symptom-based dosing decreased time to medical readiness for discharge compared with a scheduled opioid taper approach among infants cared for with ESC.

Biologics, such as monoclonal antibodies, therapeutic proteins, gene therapies, and vaccines, are revolutionizing treatments for cancer, autoimmune disorders, and infectious diseases. However, their inherent sensitivity to environmental factors like heat and moisture necessitates advanced stabilization techniques. Lyophilization, or freeze-drying, has emerged as a critical method to preserve biologics by removing water through sublimation, resulting in a stable, dry powder. This review examines...

CONCLUSIONS: Participants in both conditions reported significant improvements in primary and secondary outcomes at EOT and 1-month post-treatment, with no statistically significant difference in improvement between conditions.

Laboratory animals are critical to many scientific disciplines, and it is the responsibility of researchers and oversight bodies, such as Institutional Animal Care and Use Committees, to ensure their health and welfare. Positive health and welfare outcomes are typically achieved using planned and approved structural, chemical (e.g., pain relief) and environmental techniques. Despite these efforts, captive animals are still likely to experience unpredictable and/or acute disturbances due to human...