Oculocutaneous albinism type 1A (OCA1A), the most severe and prevalent form of albinism, is caused by recessive mutations in the TYROSINASE gene. We provide proof-of-principle of an effective gene therapy-based strategy for future human application in OCA1A patients. Here, we show that an AAV-based TYROSINASE gene delivery under the control of human BESTROPHIN promoter VMD2 can successfully induce pigmentation in human retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) monolayer tissue, derived from OCA1A...

CONCLUSIONS: Both epinephrine concentrations in 4% articaine provided comparable anesthetic efficacy and hemostasis with minimal cardiovascular effects in healthy patients undergoing mandibular third-molar extraction. The 1:200,000 concentration produced a smaller heart-rate increase, suggesting a potential advantage in patients with cardiovascular risk, while 1:100,000 remains suitable when greater vasoconstriction is desired.

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CONCLUSION: Findings highlight the importance of maintaining fidelity in manualized treatments to reduce substance use among IPV offenders. Future research should examine these associations in larger, non-court mandated and more diverse samples.

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