CONCLUSIONS: An HTA-derived PBA reliably differentiates TORS expertise, aligns with speed and margin quality, and identifies lateral tasks as high-yield training targets. These metrics support standardized training, assessment, and integration into VR simulation for competency-based credentialing.

Quemliclustat potently inhibits CD73, a key enzyme producing immunosuppressive adenosine. In a phase 1b trial (ARC-8), we evaluated safety and efficacy of quemliclustat combined with gemcitabine/nab-paclitaxel (G/nP) with or without zimberelimab (anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1)) in first-line metastatic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). During the dose-escalation phase, 22 patients were enrolled across five dose levels of quemliclustat (25 mg, 50 mg, 75 mg, 100 mg or 125 mg)...

CONCLUSIONS: At 2024 pricing, and from a U.S. hospital perspective, ES/MMAE for cSDH may not be cost-effective within a 180-day horizon, but PSA suggests a greater favorability towards ES/MMAE at higher willingness-to-pay thresholds. The positive net QALY benefit with adjunctive MMAE for cSDH suggests a small but meaningful quality-of-life improvement, preventing complete ES dominance. Cost-reduction strategies, longer time frames, and validated cSDH-specific patient-reported outcome measures...

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