The editorial comments on the BIOS Special Section on Optics for Cancer Therapy Monitoring and Diagnosis, which published as a series in Volume 2.

Purpose: To report a rare case of spontaneous suprachoroidal hemorrhage in polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV) and propose a possible pathophysiologic cascade with associated clinical warning signs. Methods: A single observational case was reviewed. Results: A 66-year-old man with PCV developed sequential massive submacular hemorrhage, breakthrough vitreous hemorrhage, non-appositional choroidal elevation, and ultimately appositional suprachoroidal hemorrhage with angle closure and ocular...

CONCLUSIONS: Pharmacologic VTE prophylaxis initiated after radiographic confirmation of hematoma stability does not increase intracranial hemorrhage risk and may reduce thromboembolic complications. These findings support further investigation into imaging-guided, individualized strategies for pharmacologic VTE prophylaxis after ICH.

Oxygenic phototrophs fix CO2 via the enzyme ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (RubisCO), which shows relatively low CO2 affinity and specificity. To circumvent low and fluctuating CO2 concentrations in aquatic systems, cyanobacteria and algae have evolved sophisticated inorganic carbon (Ci) concentrating mechanisms (CCMs). Bicarbonate transporters such as SbtA play a crucial role in the cyanobacterial CCM and hence display multiple layers of tight regulation. Control of sbtA gene...

Aging increases susceptibility to a wide range of diseases, partially due to alterations in T lymphocytes. This study aimed to characterize age-related changes in T-cell output, phenotype, and function under basal conditions and after myocardial infarction (MI). Compared with young mice (2-6 months), aged mice (≥18 months) demonstrated reduced thymic size and fewer developing thymocytes. Accordingly, circulating T-cell counts were significantly lower in aged mice than in young mice....