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Salt marsh soil organic carbon (SOC) is a key blue carbon pool affected by both disturbance and restoration; yet its long-term global dynamics remains poorly understood. Here we provide the global assessment of surface SOC changes in salt marshes from 2002 to 2019, combining multi-source remote sensing imagery with the machine learning calibrated by field observations. We find a net global SOC loss of 0.52 million tonnes, primarily driven by declines in North America and Oceania, which are only...

Homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) guides PARP inhibitor and platinum-based therapy selection but relies on costly next-generation sequencing with limited accessibility. Here, we show that IHGAMP, a computational framework using vision transformer foundation models, predicts HRD from routine H&E whole-slide images with AUROC 0.766 (95% CI 0.727-0.803) using OpenCLIP embeddings on the TCGA held-out test set (n = 8109 patients, 31 cancer types), improving to 0.812 with...

INTRODUCTION: Treatment for high-risk locally advanced prostate cancer typically includes radiation or radical prostatectomy plus androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), but the optimal use of neoadjuvant and adjuvant ADT in practice remains unclear. Relugolix and enzalutamide have demonstrated strong efficacy independently in the setting of advanced disease, but their combined use in neoadjuvant/adjuvant therapy has not been studied. This trial investigates their safety and efficacy as...

We conducted a literature review of preclinical, animal and human pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacogenomics related to disorders of gut-brain interaction (DGBI). This article reviews animal models of visceral pain, abnormal motility, and epithelial transport, and human models of motility and sensation and their utility in drug development for DGBI with focus on colorectal and gastric biomarkers. We highlight preclinical studies related to pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, and toxicology...