INTRODUCTION: Given the role of microbiomes in promoting host health and homeostasis, understanding the factors shaping skin microbial communities in wild vertebrates has become increasingly important in conservation. This goal is even more pressing for amphibians, for which the skin has multiple critical functions, and pathogens currently decimating populations are linked to significant changes in skin microbiomes. However, because microbiomes are also shaped by environmental and ecological...

CONCLUSION: Definitive RT after neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy demonstrates promising effectiveness and safety in patients unable to undergo planned surgery. Prospective studies should focus on adaptive RT approaches and biomarker development to improve outcomes in this challenging population.

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The soilborne fungus Phymatotrichopsis omnivora causes a mid- to late-season disease known as cotton root rot (CRR). In the United States, P. omnivora is primarily found in Arizona, New Mexico, Oklahoma, and Texas in soils that are alkaline, calcareous, and rarely freeze deeply. This fungus has a wide host range, and can cause substantial losses in cotton crops. In Texas, not all cotton-producing soils have widespread CRR despite having the characteristics to support P. omnivora. Considering the...

Microbiomes play a key role in the health of animal hosts. To improve conservation translocation programs like headstarting, it is necessary to consider how the structure of these programs impact the host-associated microbiome. Bringing animals into captivity introduces novel diets and environments; however, the extent to which these factors contribute to the structure of the host's gut microbiome remains poorly understood. Additionally, it is unclear if periods of captivity leave a lasting...