CONCLUSIONS: This analysis demonstrates an association between ETV prior to VPS placement and improved VPS survival, even when controlling for age, comorbid conditions, and hydrocephalus etiology. Further work is needed to understand the mechanism of this effect.

This study develops a new functional classification of metropolitan and micropolitan areas in the United States. The methodology used was based on the widely used locational quotient and the Coefficient of Specialization (also known as the Index of Divergence). Determining a specialty or which industrial category may be dominant was set to be the outliers above the upper inner fence for each distribution. The units of analysis were all 927 United States metropolitan and micropolitan areas,...

Physical dormancy, or hardseededness, refers to a type of dormancy in which seeds cannot germinate due to seed coat impermeability. Physical dormancy broadly exists in seed plants, especially in leguminous species, and plays an essential role in maintaining the durability of natural seed banks. However, physical dormancy restricts the utilization of leguminous seeds in agricultural production. Seeds of the leguminous model plant Medicago truncatula show typical physical dormancy. In this study,...

The combination of canaloplasty and trabeculotomy (OMNI Surgical System, Sight Sciences) has been shown to be safe and effective in combination with cataract surgery and as a standalone procedure in pseudophakic eyes, however prospective standalone data including a medication washout at baseline and endpoints as reported herein has not been previously published This was a small, multicenter, single arm study of 2-year effectiveness of OMNI and employing a medication washout at baseline, 12, and...

The opportunistic human pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Pa), a leading cause of severe infections, becomes increasingly resistant to antibiotics, including the last resort antibiotic, polymyxin B (PMB). Previous studies have shown that calcium (Ca^(2+)) at the levels encountered during infections increases Pa resistance to PMB. However, the mechanisms of this Ca^(2+) regulation are not known. Here, we identified three novel genes (PA2803, PA3237, and PA5317) that contribute to the...