How the dual function of fundamental frequency (F0)-talker separation and word distinction-affects Mandarin word recognition in a cocktail party scenario is investigated. A robust benefit of talker F0 separation is observed: Target recognition was more accurate with different-sex talkers (85%) than same-sex talkers (48%). The effect of word-F0 was modulated by lexical status: Real-word tonal minimal pairs lowered accuracy relative to the baseline (average 4% decrease), whereas nonword tonal...

Undergraduate science students will have opportunities, in their personal lives and future careers, to be science communicators. However, they must be trained in effective approaches to science communication. One medium by which students can engage in science communication is via podcasts, which are a tool for both science communication and science education. While there have been studies analyzing the impacts of podcasts on audiences, there is less examination in the literature of how the...

SUMMARYIatrogenic central nervous system mold infections (ICNSMIs) are rare and occur as sporadic complications of neurosurgical procedures or device insertions. However, recent outbreaks have been reported in outpatient settings, following epidural injections with contaminated medicines. We conducted a comprehensive literature review of studies published without date restrictions through July 2025 on ICNSMIs. We identified 905 cases of such infections, with 4% occurring in non-outbreak settings...

Herein we report the syntheses and characterization of bis(pentafluoroethyl)arsinous acid and its conjugate base, bis(pentafluoroethyl)arsinite. Controlled hydrolysis of (diethylamino)bis(pentafluoroethyl)arsane affords the corresponding diethylammonium-arsinite salt [NH(2)Et(2)][As(C(2)F(5))(2)O]. The coordination behavior of the arsinite anion was investigated by reaction of the salt with [TiCp(2)Cl(2)] and [Ni(dppp)Cl(2)], yielding the monosubstituted complexes [TiCp(2)Cl{OAs(C(2)F(5))(2)}]...

The decline in estrogen following menopause is a major driver of metabolic and immune dysfunction in aging females. While hormone replacement therapy improves many of these outcomes, its clinical use remains limited due to concerns regarding estrogen-sensitive malignancies. Tissue-selective estrogen complexes (TSECs), which combine estrogens with selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) such as tamoxifen (TAM), represent a promising strategy to preserve the metabolic and immunological...